Investment casting melts a mold (usually a wax or resin mold) by heating it, and then fills its exterior with casting material to ultimately obtain a casting.

2. What is vanishing mold casting?

Vanishing mold casting is a casting process that utilizes a soluble mold, which is consumed during the casting process to form the desired casting.

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Ⅱ. Vanishing mold casting

1. Principle, Manufacturing Process and Procedure of Vanishing Mold Casting

The process of disappearing mold casting includes the following steps:

- Mold Manufacturing: Materials are used to make the disappearing mold.
- Filling the casting material: pouring molten metal or alloy into the mold.
- Heating and consuming the mold: the mold is ablated by heating, leaving the casting.

2. What materials can be cast by vanishing mold casting?

Cast iron
Aluminum alloy
Copper alloys
Steel
Magnesium alloy

3 What are the advantages of vanishing mold casting?

High precision
Excellent surface quality
Flexible design capability
Ability to handle complex shapes

4. What casting tolerance can be achieved by vanishing mold casting?

Tolerances of ±0.5% to ±1.0% can usually be achieved.

5. What industries is vanishing mold casting suitable for?

Automotive industry: engine components, suspension parts
Aerospace: airframe structural parts, turbine blades
Machinery manufacturing: gears, valves
Construction industry: structural supports, decorative castings

Ⅲ. Investment casting

1. The principle, manufacturing process and procedure of investment casting

The process of investment casting mainly includes:

Manufacture of molds: molds are made using wax or resin.
Heating the mold: The mold is melted by heating.
Filling the casting material: Fill the outside of the mold with metal or alloy.
Cooling the mold: After the casting material has cooled and solidified, the mold is removed.

2. what materials can be cast by investment casting?

Steel
Aluminum alloys
Copper alloys
Nickel-based alloys
Titanium alloys

3. what are the advantages of investment casting?

Realization of complex shapes
High precision and good surface smoothness
Ability to meet strict industry standards

4. Mold casting can achieve what casting tolerance?

Tolerances of ±0.1mm to ±0.5mm can usually be achieved.

5. Investment casting for what industries?

Aerospace: engine parts, structural components
Medical devices: surgical instruments, implants
High-end manufacturing: precision components
Automotive: high performance parts

Ⅳ. The difference between lost foam casting and investment casting.

Name	Mold Material	Applicable Range	Casting Quality	Production Efficiency	Material Consumption	Casting Equipment	Cost Analysis
Lost Foam Casting	Foam Material	General Castings	High	Relatively High	Relatively Low	Simple	Low to Medium
Investment Casting	Wax or Meltable Material	High-Precision Complex Castings	Higher	Relatively Low	Relatively High	Complex	Medium to High

V. Common casting materials

Name	Characteristics	Common Grade	Composition
Cast Iron	High strength, good wear resistance	HT200	Fe, C, Si
Aluminum Alloy	Lightweight, strong corrosion resistance	ADC12	Al, Si, Mg
Copper Alloy	Good conductivity, oxidation-resistant	C11000	Cu, O
Steel	High strength, good toughness	Q235	Fe, C, Mn
Magnesium Alloy	Lightweight, high strength	AZ31B	Mg, Al, Zn
Stainless Steel	Strong corrosion resistance, high strength	304	Fe, C, Cr, Ni
Bronze	Good castability, wear resistance	C83600	Cu, Sn, Zn
Titanium Alloy	Lightweight, high temperature resistance, corrosion-resistant	Ti-6Al-4V	Ti, Al, V

Ⅵ. Common casting defects and solutions

Pneumatic holes:

Cause: Gases are trapped during the casting process.
Solution: The formation of porosity can be reduced by optimizing the pouring rate, lowering the pouring temperature, using vacuum casting or employing an exhaust system.

Inclusions:

Cause: Mixing of foreign objects or metal impurities during the casting process.
Solution: Ensure the cleanliness of the raw material, use filtration devices or refine before melting.

Shrinkage:

Cause: Volume shrinkage of the casting during cooling.
Solution: Flow can be improved through proper pouring system design, addition of alloying elements, and optimization of cooling paths.

Deformation:

Cause: Uneven stress on castings during cooling or post-treatment.
Solution: Reasonable design of casting thickness, use of stress relieving treatments (e.g., heat treatments) and control of cooling rate.

Surface defects：

Cause: Improper mold design or unreasonable pouring process.
Solution: Improve the mold design, ensure the surface of the mold is smooth, and optimize the pouring process parameters (e.g., pouring speed and pouring temperature).